About
The Crotalinae, commonly known as pit vipers, or pit adders, are a subfamily of vipers found in Asia and the Americas. Like all other vipers, they are venomous. They are distinguished by the presence of a heat-sensing pit organ located between the eye and the nostril on both sides of the head. Currently, 23 genera and 155 species are recognized: These are also the only viperids found in the Americas. The groups of snakes represented here include rattlesnakes, lanceheads, and Asian pit vipers. The type genus for this subfamily is Crotalus, of which the type species is the timber rattlesnake, C. horridus. These snakes range in size from the diminutive hump-nosed viper, Hypnale hypnale, that grows to a typical total length of only 30–45 cm, to the bushmaster, Lachesis muta, a species known to reach a maximum total length of 3.65 m in length. Read more
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